Footnote 1 This may relate to the finding that premonitions of insight predict impending insight failures in problem-solving (Metcalfe, 1986). Thus, déjà vu was associated with feelings of prediction, not actual prediction. However, although the situation was set up to enable memory-based prediction, participants exhibited no accurate predictive ability during déjà vu yet reported stronger feelings of prediction during reported déjà vu states than non-déjà vu states. Movement through scenes stopped short of a turn potentially taken in an earlier-viewed spatially-mapped scene, thus enabling possible memory-based prediction during retrieval failure regarding the direction of the next turn. Specifically, a sense about what should happen next might be rooted in memory for how the event unfolded in the past.Ĭleary and Claxton ( 2018) had participants virtually tour scenes, some of which mapped onto earlier-viewed scenes in their spatial configuration, a manipulation that has been shown to contribute to déjà vu reports (Cleary et al., 2012). If one of the adaptive purposes of memory is to enable prediction (e.g., Szpunar, Spreng, & Schacter, 2014), then a feature of déjà vu may be that it sometimes allows memory-based prediction. Their logic is as follows: Déjà vu appears to be rooted in memory such that the specific source of the feeling fails to be retrieved but a sense of recognition persists nonetheless (e.g., Cleary, 2008 Cleary, Ryals, & Nomi, 2009 Cleary et al., 2012).
Cleary and Claxton hypothesized that the reason for the association between déjà vu and perceptions of premonition is that déjà vu may often be accompanied by actual predictive ability. Recent laboratory research suggests that feelings of prediction can indeed accompany feelings of déjà vu (Cleary & Claxton, 2018). Mullan and Penfield ( 1959) observed that stimulation within the temporal cortex – an area now known to be associated with déjà vu (Bowles et al., 2007) – led a patient to report feelings of knowing what would happen next. Perceptions of premonition may occur while déjà vu is being experienced. This has been documented in people’s subjective impressions of past déjà vu experiences (Brown, 2004 Moulin, 2018). Future research should further investigate this possibility.ĭéjà vu – the jarring feeling of having experienced something before despite knowing otherwise – has a long-held association with perceptions of premonition. A potential reason for this association may be that high familiarity intensity as an event outcome unfolds falsely signals confirmatory evidence of having sensed all along how it would unfold. This postdictive bias following déjà vu reports was associated with higher perceived scene familiarity intensity. Then, after actually seeing the turn, participants exhibited a postdictive bias toward feeling that the scene unfolded as expected following déjà vu reports. During a virtual tour, feelings of predicting the next turn were more likely during reported déjà vu, as in prior research.
In the present study, a new finding is presented in which reports of déjà vu are associated not only with a predictive bias, but also with a postdictive bias, whereby people are more likely to feel that an event unfolded as expected after the event prompted déjà vu than after it did not. Recent research links reports of déjà vu – the feeling of having experienced something before despite knowing otherwise – with an illusory feeling of prediction.
0 kommentar(er)
